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A key-encapsulation mechanism allows two parties to establish a shared secret over a public channel. This NIST guide explains the algorithms, security properties and applications involved, then sets out requirements and recommendations for implementing and using these mechanisms. It connects the mathematical model to practical questions of key management and secure communication.
The chapters cover cryptographic data handling, validation, key confirmation, proof of possession and the combination of multiple algorithms, including post-quantum and traditional components. Worked constructions and supporting discussions clarify how a shared secret is processed for use by an application. The complete September 2025 publication includes its references, appendices and original technical notices.
Gorjan Alagic, Elaine Barker, Lily Chen, Dustin Moody, Angela Robinson, Hamilton Silberg and Noah Waller (2025). Recommendations for Key-Encapsulation Mechanisms. NIST Special Publication 800-227. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-227. Republished courtesy of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.