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Douglas Thomas examines the scale and economic structure of U.S. biomanufacturing, distinguishing products made from biological materials from advanced manufacturing processes that grow or alter those materials. The report develops estimates that can be compared with measures of value added and gross domestic product.
Its analysis connects industry definitions to supply chains, production costs, assets, energy consumption and environmental impacts. Sections on investment evaluation and efficiency improvements show how economic measures can be used to compare possible changes in manufacturing. Detailed appendices explain the data and input-output calculations behind the estimates.
The report also identifies gaps in available information and explains why estimates of the bioeconomy can differ substantially. This is the complete original June 2023 NIST study, including its tables, diagrams, methods and references.
Douglas Thomas. The U.S. Biomanufacturing Economy: Value Added, Supply Chains, Cost, Sustainability, and Efficiency. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2023. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.AMS.100-52. Complete original publication and source credits retained.