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This study examines how the time between water-sample collection and laboratory analysis can affect measured chemical properties. It focuses on nutrients, alkalinity, and acid-neutralising capacity in samples representing both surface-water and groundwater conditions.
The investigation follows selected properties over holding times ranging from days to months. It compares patterns among constituents and sample sources and considers whether field measurements can help explain the stability or instability observed during storage.
Readers will find a detailed laboratory-methods report with implications for the planning and interpretation of water-quality studies. The publication presents the experimental approach, results, limits, and supporting tables rather than reducing the findings to a single universal holding-time rule. Its discussion emphasises differences among the properties and matrices tested, preserving the qualifications needed to understand the scope of the work.
Tedmund M. Struzeski; Gregory A. Wetherbee; Jonathan Morrison. Evaluation of Nutrient, Alkalinity, and Acid-Neutralizing Capacity Stabilities in Water Samples Analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, 2023–24. U.S. Geological Survey, 2026. https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265014. Public domain U.S. Government publication. Original author, agency and photograph credits retained.