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Stephen P. Opsahl and colleagues investigate how continuous fluorescence measurements can reveal changes in groundwater entering the Edwards aquifer of south-central Texas. Their study follows dissolved organic matter in the San Antonio and Barton Springs segments during 2019–24, relating water-quality signals to recharge and changing hydrologic conditions.
The report describes corrections for temperature, turbidity and the inner-filter effect before comparing the resulting time series. Short-term responses and longer patterns are examined alongside climatic and hydrologic observations, allowing the authors to distinguish different sources and movements of organic material.
A central theme is the relationship between fluorescence and dissolved organic carbon. The study uses that relationship to trace the timing and magnitude of pulses derived from the land surface and to examine aquifer vulnerability to constituents carried by recent recharge. Methods, graphics and site-specific observations provide a sustained case study of optical monitoring in a karst groundwater system.