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This NIST monograph documents the production, measurement and statistical evaluation behind Standard Reference Material 956e, a frozen human-serum material used to calibrate and validate electrolyte measurements. Its emphasis is analytical chemistry and measurement traceability: how reference values are established and how their uncertainties are assessed.
The report follows preparation and verification of the material, serum-density measurements, analytical procedures for the individual elements and ions, and the calculations supporting certification. Detailed tables and methodological appendices allow laboratory readers to examine the connection between experimental observations and certified results. The complete April 2025 publication retains its equations, original figures and measurement records.
Lee L. Yu, Charles A. Barber, Stephen Chin, Steven J. Christopher, Regina A. Easley, Monique E. Johnson, Dennis D. Leber, Karen E. Murphy, Murli Narayan, Michael Nash, Alexander Rhodes, Thomas W. Vetter, Jason Waters and Laura J. Wood (2025). Certification of Standard Reference Material 956e: Electrolytes in Frozen Human Serum. National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.260-254. Republished courtesy of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.